Available at: https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/science/.premium-israeli-researchers-mate-2-000-year-old-date-seeds-hope-for-fruit-1.8503447, Kalman, M. (2005) Seed of extinct date palm sprouts after 2,000 years. SFGATE. [7] However, study of contemporary sources indicates that the date industry continued in Judea throughout the Roman period and that, indeed, the Roman Imperial treasury collected a good deal of the profits. This is something that came from the past and is still alive.. She writes and talks about the creativity and innovation taking place in Israel and beyond. They had experienced a very dry and sheltered environment for millennia. It played a significant role in the Judean economy for about two millenniaat the least from the fifth century B.C.E. And we knew what there was, because it's mentioned in the Bible. ( Arava Institute for Environmental Studies ). A team led by Sarah Sallon, which planted these six trees, first tried in 2005 to germinate a 2,000-year-old seed from the . It would be interesting if they were used back then for the same reasons, she tells NoCamels during a phone call from her Jerusalem home. Throughout the history of civilization, the concept of the apocalypse has been ever present, in one way or another. Now a major discovery has come regarding these projects, from of all places, his bathtub. It is interesting to note that the Ezekiel prophesied that in the Messianic era, a river would flow from Jerusalem to the Dead Sea, revitalizing the saline water, transforming it into a thriving ecosystem. She was planted in 2019. On August 23rd, 2021, Arava Institute staff harvested three bunches of dates from our world-famous ancient date palms. The Iliad can provide new insights on the role of motherhood among the ancient Greek gods, and by extension, amongst ancient mortal Greek women themselves. In ancient times the Judean date palm was a staple source of food, shelter, and shade. Scientists determined that Methuselah was of the Hayany breed originally from Egypt. Ancient sources have suggested that the Judean date palm tree had many unique medicinal properties no longer found in todays palm varieties. ( The Arava Institute for Environmental Studies ). Dr. Elaine Solowey, director of the Center for Sustainable Agriculture of the Arava Institute, and Dr. Sarah Sallon, director of the Louis L. Borick Natural Medicine Research Center of Hadassah Hospital, harvested these ancient dates in the culmination of an ambitious, decades-long experiment to raise the biblical-era Phoenix dactylifera date palm from the dead. SEE ALSO: Israeli DNA Study Unveils Reconstructed Face Of Mysterious, Long-Lost Human Relative. In early 2019, three of the six trees named by Dr. Solowey Adam, Jonah and Hannah were moved out of their greenhouse home to be planted outdoors at the Arava Institutes Daniel Fischel & Sylvia Neil Research & Visitors Park. Then, two things happened: either Chaos or Gaia created the universe as we know it, or Ouranos and Tethys gave birth to the first beings. Learn more here. [24], Researchers at the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies at Kibbutz Ketura plan to grow dates resurrected from seeds found at archaeological sites in the Judaean Desert and Masada in large quantities using tissue culture, and then establish them in commercial plantations.[25]. Trees are like humans in that you need the pollen from a male tree to pollinate the flowers of a female plant. Date palm cultivation is thought to be up to . In ancient times, the classical writers described in detail, the dates of ancient Judea. (2015) Extinct Tree Resurrected from Ancient Seeds is now a Dad. Ancient Origins. Dr. Judith and Hannah were female, but only Hannah flowered. A previous experiment with the seeds produced a single male plant that sprouted in 2005 which the researchers named Methuselah. Israeli scientists found out, The Resurrection of 2000-Year-Old Ancient Date Seeds: New Fruit Sprouts from Bible Times Source. In February of this year, the latest scientific paper published about the germination of these seeds inScience Advances,revived new interest in these dates, says Sallon. Get email notification for articles from Nir Hasson. Were theonlyPop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. Most of the haul is being kept for science purposes. [22][23], As of June 2021, dates have grown from the pollination of Hannah, one of the female specimens, by Methuselah. The species of palm was thought to be extinct for 800 years but hundreds of seeds of. We are going to be testing those dates in the future to see actually what they do and whether they differ from other commercial varieties of modern dates. If this is indeed a specific species, the author should make that clear and name the species. And here we are actually planting history at the Arava Institute. Call us at 1 315 4971058. Dr. Solowey successfully germinated one of these seeds, which sprouted into a young date palm today, Methuselah has a permanent home in the Arava Institute research park on Kibbutz Ketura. The Judean date palm is a date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera) grown in Judea. And though shes just nine-years-old, she carries an ancient heritage., Its possible to divide the world in two: the part that venerates the humble-seeming fruit known as the date, and the part that does not. Most of the dates will go to research, but those that were tasted had, as Dr. Soloway said, a honey or caramel aftertaste., Methuselah is a date palm that Dr. Elaine Solowey sprouted from a 2,000-year-old date seed. They were very dry. Growth and development of the seedling over 26 months was compatible with normal date . In ancient times, date palms were used for their supposed medicinal properties to cure many diseases and infections, promoting longevity and acting as a mild aphrodisiac. Dates were famous in antiquity for medicinal value, said Solowey. [1] The palm, a male tree, was named Methuselah (not to be confused with a bristlecone pine tree of the same name). The Judean date palm was once common in ancient Judea. Photo: Marcos Schonholz, What Do 2,000-Year-Old Ancient Judean Dates Taste Like? The fruit of the tree symbolised life and prosperity and was praised in ancient . The Judean date disappeared entirely, and this site is also in terrible danger of destruction. There are other types of dates in the world, but according to Pliny the Elder (writing in the first century AD), none were as succulent or as sweet as the Judean date palm. According to the researchers, they look similar to the Medjool date, but have a sweeter, honey-like flavor. The proud parents are date palms grown from ancient seeds uncovered in archeological excavations in Israel., Not as sweet as the Medjool date, not sticky at all, and with a pleasant honey aftertaste is how Dr. Sarah Sallon describes the taste of a date sprouted from a 2,000-year-old seed., So what do 2,000-year-old dates taste like? As part of this endeavor, Dr. Solowey succeeded in germinating one of these ancient date seeds in 2005, initially thought to be botanically impossible. The Judean Date Palm symbolized ancient Judah and was mentioned in the Bible but when the nation it symbolized was conquered and sent into exile in 70 CE, cultivation of dates in the region began to decline. It grew around the Dead Sea in the south, to the Sea of Galilee and the Hula Valley regions in the north. Sallon, a medical doctor, started this project more than 15 years ago after becoming interested in natural medicine. were collected from Judean desert archaeological sites such as an ancient palace-fortress built by King Herod and caves located in southern Israel at Masada, Qumran, Wadi Makukh, and Wadi Kelt, located in the Judean desert between the Judean Hills and the Dead Sea. Of these, six of the seeds successfully sprouted. We are planting our second, female date tree, who was sprouted from an ancient seed. [21], As of 2019, altogether thirty-two Judean date palm seeds have been grown from locations in the Dead Sea area, and six saplings (Adam, Jonah, Uriel, Boaz, Judith, and Hannah) have survived. They nicknamed the tree Methuselah after Noahs grandfather, the oldest person who ever lived. Date Palm Sprouted from Ancient Seed Gives Fruit Like That of Bible Times, Jerusalem Dateline: 8/4/17 How the Dead Sea Is Giving Life, Revival Goes Nationwide, Hits Theaters After 'Jesus Revolution' Film as Well as ORU, Portland, Ohio State, Teen Witch Collapses on Church Doorstep, Finds Freedom from 'Torment' After Deal with the Devil, 'Great Peace in Jesus': Kelsey Grammer Gets Real About His Faith Journey with Jesus. They became symbols of "beauty, precious shade and succulent plenty," Kershner wrote. [dubious discuss] Goor quotes several later, Ottoman-period travellers to the area as to the rarity of date palms, including Pierre Belon, who in 1553 scoffed at the idea that the region could have ever produced the bounty of dates reported in ancient sources. Great piece I had no idea about such amazing botanical work going on. The findings suggest that it might be a good option for examining the lifetime of plant seeds. After 2,000 years, the formerly extinct Judean date palm was brought back to life by two women scientists in 2005. This remarkable feat confirms the long-term viability of the kernels once ensconced in succulent Judean dates, a fruit cultivar lost for centuries. Especially now, I think that people need that. On Friday, an unusual ceremony was held on a hilltop overlooking the Old City in Jerusalems Abu Tor neighborhood. This extraordinary achievement demonstrates the kernels' long-term vitality after being nestled in succulent Judean dates, a fruit variety that has been lost for millennia. It is sometimes claimed that date growing as a commercial fruit export stopped at the end of 70 AD, when the Second Temple was destroyed by the Romans. Many books and videos show depictions of vast work forces hewing blocks of stone in the hot desert sun and carefully setting them into place. (Guy Eisner) Scientists have cultivated plants from date palm seeds that languished in ancient ruins and caves for 2,000 years. It included the Jewish Sheheheyanu prayer recited on momentous occasions, as well as the traditional offering and tithing ceremony. Methuselah the Judean Date Palm is still going strong even after sprouting from a 2,000-year-old seed. DF_JST1058_2000_Year_Old_Date_Palms_HD1080_0_273, Date palms from 2000-Year-Old Date Seeds. The age of the seeds range from some of the oldest germinated seeds in the world - Methuselah, Hannah, and Adam with a carbon date to the first to fourth centuries BC, to the mid-second century BC to mid-first century AD plants known as Judith and Boaz, to the youngest of the Judean date palms - Uriel and Jonah are the youngest (first to second centuries AD). Pliny the Elder, a Roman naturalist of the 1st century AD, wrote that Jericho's dates were known for their succulence and sweetness, though he distinguished a considerable variety of them and discussed several different varieties by name. Its mentioned in the Bible as one of the seven species found in the ancient Land of Israel. About 100 ripe, tasty dates were cut from Hannah. Ms. Solowey chose Methuselah to be the father, and she moved pollen from him onto Hannahs flowers. The first of the ancient date seedlings, Methusaleh, is named for the oldest person mentioned in the Bible. Why? It is not clear whether there was ever a single distinct Judean cultivar, but dates grown in the region have had distinctive reputations for thousands of years, and the date palm was anciently regarded as a symbol of the region and its fertility. By the age of 10, most children in the United States have been taught all 50 states that make up the country. These unique dates are currently being kept cool in storage. The Pindo Palm Tree is cold tolerant to USDA Zone 7. Thank God for the faithfulness of his people though the ages - to leave these seeds, and to find and nurture one to grow. Out of the changes from natural weather shifts, new life can grow again. [20], As of 2012, there were tentative plans to crossbreed the male palm with what was considered its closest extant relative, the Hayani date from Egypt, to generate fruit by 2022; however, two female Judean palms have been sprouted since then. Prophecy from the Bible is revealing itself as we speak. Were available 24/7. Long the only lonely representative of its kind, the Judean palm in now reproducing and giving researchers a unique glimpse back in time. Who would have thought seeds thousands of years old would germinate?!? The Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is an important symbol in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.Methuselah represents a variety of date palm that was grown in ancient Judea but disappeared many hundreds of years ago. Methuselah is and for a long time researchers believed that this was the only Judean date palm they would ever see. [3] Modern studies have been done in an attempt to confirm their medicinal value. Over the past 15 years, a project has been underway in Israels southern Arava region to revive ancient species of date palms germinated from seeds found at archaeological digs in the Judean Desert. Ages in months at time of photograph (AtoC) Adam (110 months), Jonah (63 months), and Uriel (54 months). It is chronicled in the Bible, Quran, and ancient literature for its diverse powers. That allowed them to be exported all over the Roman empire and they had medicinal qualities, Sallon said. Sallons near future plans include learning more about the new-old dates, how to reintroduce the Judean date to the market, and continue to research the medicinal properties of these dates. Also available on most smart TVs and streaming services. Plants have been produced from date palm seeds that have been buried for 2,000 years in old ruins and caves. Actually, this one came from Qumran -- was found in the caves -- and much to our astonishment, she also sprouted, said Elaine Solowey, the botanist who coaxed the seeds to grow. [19] As of February 2020, Methuselah had reached 3.5 metres (11ft). Interesting Engineering reports that Recently, Hannah's fruit was harvested for the first time.. The conditions were dry and arid enough to preserve the seeds for 2,000 years. The part that does is home to hundreds of millions of people, from the Atlantic coast of Morocco across North Africa and Egypt to Mesopotamia and east to India., TEL972-8-6356618FAX972-8-6356634EMAILinfo@arava.org, 1320 Centre Street, Suite 206Newton Centre, MA 02459, USATEL1-617-266-7100EMAILinfo@friendsofarava.org, Their names are Adam, Jonah, Uriel, Boaz, Judith, and Hannah, and their ages are well, actually, this ones a bit complicated., Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Conservation, Energy Security: The Role of Renewable Energy Sources, Practical Challenges of Photovoltaic Systems in the Rural Bedouin Villages in the Negev, Center for Transboundary Water Management, Evidence-based wastewater monitoring and policy for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic in Israel, Decentralized Wastewater Management and Governance, Long Term Ecological Monitoring (LTER) in Wadi Shita, Offshore Zionism: Israel-Africa and Green Development, Jordan-Israel Center for Community, Environment & Research, Research in Political Ecology in the Middle East, The Last Straw: Conservation, Control, and the Eco-Political Life of Camels in the Negev Highlands, Sense of Place in an Era of Metabolic Rift, Daniel Fischel & Sylvia Neil Research & Visitors Park, Origins and insights into the historic Judean date palm based on genetic analysis of germinated ancient seeds and morphometric studies, The Albert B. Glickman Peace-building Leadership Seminar, Daniel Fischel & Sylvia Neil Outdoor Research & Visitors Park, Arava Alumni Peace & Environmental Network, Center for Applied Environmental Diplomacy, Applied Environmental Diplomacy: Pathways to Sustainability in the Jordan River Basin, Annual Cross-Border Environmental Cooperation Conference, Annual Reports, Financial Statements & Publications, After 2,000 Years, These Seeds Have Finally Sprouted, Scientists in Israel grow date plants from 2,000-year-old seeds, Dates Like Jesus Ate? They selected 34 seeds they thought were the most viable. The remaining 32 seeds were planted in a quarantined site at the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies in Kibbutz Ketura in southern Israel. Credit: Sarah Sallon Ruth Schuster May 6, 2021 Stay informed with the latest from CBN News delivered to your inbox. Judean date palm in 2012. ( The Arava Institute for Environmental Studies ) So valued was the tree that it became recognized as a symbol of good fortune in Judea. This week the Arava Institute celebrated the first Judean Dates ever to be grown into fruit since the time of King Herod., They were given Biblical names: Adam, Boaz, Hannah, Jonah, Judith and Uriel. And I look at the plantations on Ketura. Solowey soaked the seeds in enzymatic water and fertilizer and planted them in sterile potting soil in pots in a greenhouse. [6] Andrea Moresino-Zipper contests that in the former case, it is the woman who symbolises the defeated Judaea and the towering, dominating palm stands for victorious Rome, while in the latter case the palm tree does represent Judaea.[6]. You can use the pits from any fresh dates bought from the grocery store to grow a flourishing date palm. We're talking about the resurrection of 2000-year-old plus ancient date seeds that come from the Judean Desert and from Masada and which are part of a scientific experiment, said Sarah Sallon, Director and Founder of The Natural Medicine Research Center at Hadassah Medical Organization, Jerusalem. A Blazing Weapon: Unraveling the Mystery of Greek Fire. Their leaves will not wither nor their fruit fail; they will yield new fruit every month, because the water for them flows from the Temple. Last week, when the first dates ripened, a harvest was organized. We hope that one day these trees that came from 2,000 years ago will be the hope of peace in our region, Abu Hamed said. Methuselah happens to be a male Judean date palm, so the team of scientists planted a few more seeds from the cache of ancient seeds unearthed in Herods palace excavation to see if they could propagate a bride for Methuselah. [citation needed] The tree so defined the local economy that the Roman emperor Vespasian celebrated the reconquest after the First Jewish Revolt (6670 AD) by minting Judaea Capta coinage, a series of coins sometimes depicting Judaea as a mourning woman beneath a date palm. Its a childrens story about the science and what it represents., Viva Sarah Press is a journalist and speaker. For thousands of years, the date palm was a staple crop. The Romans eventually succeeded and by 500 AD the once plentiful date palm had almost completely disappeared, driven to extinction for the sake of conquest. The eastern ones are all the species from Arabia and Iraq, and the western ones are from North Africa, Sallon explained. After being kept in storage for over 40 years, a project initiated by Dr. Sallon, aimed to germinate ancient seeds found on archaeological sites in an effort to reintroduce extinct plants previously grown in the region. Sallon explained that the taste is very close but not exactly the same as what the residents of the country would have eaten 2,000 years ago since in ancient times dates were grown from shoots from the best producing trees rather than by pollinating date palm flowers. The experiment seeks to rediscover the origins of the historic date palm population and confirm the date seeds long-term durability, while shedding light on ancient cultivation techniques that nurtured this unique fruit and exploring its potential relevance for modern date agronomy. Joanna Gillan is a Co-Owner, Editor and Writer of Ancient Origins. This study, which confirms the long-term survival of date palm seeds, provides a unique opportunity to rediscover the origins of a historic date palm population that existed in Judea 2,000 years ago. Pollinated by Methuselah, Hannah had around 100 dates last year and this year she had more than 600 dates. In biblical times, the Judean date palm was revered throughout the region for its medicinal qualities. What cured here, she thinks, were some traditional herbal remedies., The date palm has a historical distribution stretching from Mauritania in the west to the Indus Valley in the east. Dates were one of the seven species listed as special to the land of Israel, described in the bible as honey., A land of wheat and barley, of vines, figs, and pomegranates, a land of olive trees and honey; Deuteronomy 8:8. In 2011, the plant produced its first flowers and today, the living archaeological treasure continues to grow and thrive. However, despite this, extensive cultivation persisted in Jericho and Zoara, until the agrarian economy collapsed during Mamluk rule around the 14th century, which he attributes to a change in the climate. Five years ago. Now that the Judean date palm has been brought back to life and its fruit has even been harvested, researchers finally have the opportunity to study if the ancient medicinal claims are true. Why does Judaism matter and how is it connected to Christianity? Sallon obtained five of those original seeds and gave them to Solowey. [20] The genomes of these Judean date palms germinated from ancient seeds were sequenced and analyzed. Solowey has nurtured more than 100 rare or near-extinct species back to life as part of a 10-year project to study plants and herbs used as ancient cures. Judean Date Palm Grown From 2,000 Year Old Seed Bears Fruit. Phoenix dactylifera date or date palm is a flowering plant species in the palm family Arecaceae, cultivated for its edible sweet fruit. AtAncient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. After all, date palms are praised in the Bible - as well as in Islam, Greek and Roman civilizations as symbols of beauty, fertility, peace, and victory. The species is widely cultivated and is naturalized in . A previous experiment with the seeds produced a single male plant that sprouted in 2005 which the researchers named Methuselah. Please check your information and try again or call us at 1-800-759-0700. Exodus 15:27. . Judith and Boaz date back to approximately mid-second century BCE. I too wonder if this is a specific species as date palms have been cultivated forever. For thousands of years, the date palm was a staple crop. Because several seedlings are female, it is hoped that it will be possible to pollinate one or more of the female Judean date palms with the pollen from Methuselah. It is chronicled in the Bible, Quran, and ancient literature for its diverse powers. [16] Methuselah flowered in March 2011 and is male. I am sure you are familiar with his legend which states that he was born in a manger surrounded by shepherds, about Herod the Greats Alabaster Bathtubs, about Seleucid Sling Stone Sheds New Light on Jewish Hannukah Story, about Rogue Priest Second Temple Silver Coin Found By Girl in Jerusalem, about Evidence of Hannukah Story Found in Razed Hellenistic Fortress, about New Study Reveals How Legendary Assyrian Siege Ramp Overcame Lachish, about Mesopotamian Superpowers Laying Waste To The Ancient Near East, For Sale In Britain: A Small Ancient Man With A Colossal Penis, Sacred Marvels: 17 Cathedrals That Will Take Your Breath Away, In Pictures, Egyptologists Reveal a Lost Chamber in the Great Pyramid With Cosmic Rays, The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: Unleashing the End of the World. But they're not the original date tree that grew here, Sallon said. Now You Can, Thanks to These Israeli Researchers Researchers celebrate - and sample - the first fruit of palm trees germinated from ancient seeds from the Judean desert Dates tree grown by a 2,000-year-old seed retrieved from archaeological sites in the Judean Desert, in Ketura, Israel, September 2, 2020. Credit: Marcos Shonholtz Nir Hasson The tree and its fruit are mentioned in the Song of Songs and Psalms and featured on coins throughout the region. They were given the names Jonah, Uriel, Boaz, Judith, Hannah, and Adam. {amount} donation plus {fee_amount} to help cover fees. Over the past decade, they grew an ancient Judean . Help us continue to be a voice for truth in the media by supporting CBN News for as little as $1. Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. Yes, the New York Times justbroke the storyof the children of Methuselah and Hannah, biblical date trees (that didnt meet on JDate) with some impressive history and something to teach at this perilous time as a lead up to the Jewish New Year., Just 30 miles north of the Red Sea, in the Negev Desert, scientists from the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies travelled back in time two millennia, becoming the first people to pick and sample dates from trees with roots stretching back to the days of Jesus and the Maccabees., Dr. After six years of growth Hannah flowered and researchers got excited at the possibility of resurrecting the Judean date after 2,000 years. It has allegedly served as both an aphrodisiac and a contraceptive, and as a cure for a wide range of health issues including cancer, malaria, and toothache. Modern day studies have shown dates benefit digestion, lower cholesterol, improve memory, increase blood production, have aphrodisiac properties, and strengthen the nervous system. France's University of Montpellier conducted genetic testing on the Judean date and found that it shares some qualities with the Iraqi Zahidi date as well as other date varieties that were once grown in ancient Mesopotamia, Arabia, and Pakistan. Arava Institute for Environmental Studies, "New Life, From an Arctic Flower That Died 32,000 Years Ago", "After 2,000 Years, These Seeds Have Finally Sprouted", "2000-Year-Old Date Pit Sprouts In Israel", "2,000-Year-Old Seed Sprouts, Sapling Is Thriving", "Extinct Judean Date Palm Grows After 1500 Years", "1.4.8 The Crusader period and Little Ice Age, 1.0 ka to 0.4 ka BP, and 1.4.9 The Moslem-Ottoman period, 0.4 ka to 0.1 ka BP", "From Extinction to Resurrection: The Judean Date Palm Tree", "Origins and insights into the historic Judean date palm based on genetic analysis of germinated ancient seeds and morphometric studies", "Researchers confirm age of "Methuselah" tree", "2000-Year-Old Date Pit Sprouts in Israel", "Medicinal date palm from oldest known seed planted", "Date palm grown from 2,000-year-old seed is a dad", "Israeli researchers grow new date plants from 2,000-year-old seeds", "The genomes of ancient date palms germinated from 2,000 y old seeds", "Scientists Resurrect Mysterious Judean Date Palms From Biblical Era", "Extinct tree from the time of Jesus rises from the dead", How King Solomon and the Romans Shaped the Judean Date Palm, "Germination, Genetics, and Growth of an Ancient Date Seed", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Judean_date_palm&oldid=1142182782, Articles with unsourced statements from July 2018, Articles with disputed statements from July 2018, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2021, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 23:58. Other date seeds were found in caves near the Dead Sea. The palm tree can appear on the coin either in combination with the mourning woman, or without her. They were the first dates to ripen from date palms grown from seeds that are more than 2,000 years old. She was soon proven wrong. 3 min read. According to historical sources, the taste of them was something splendid. Once the Roman Empire took control of the kingdom in 70 AD, the date palms were destroyed in an attempt to cripple the Jewish economy. The Bible is our guidebook of ancient species, Sallon told CBN News. Soak them in a bowl of cool water for 48 hours. The tree itself was a source of shelter, its fruit . And though Sallon compares the taste of these ancient Judean dates to the Medjool, she reiterates that she is not a food expert and simply happens to eat the Medjool variety. Though it was disputed for many years, there is conclusive evidence that Neanderthals bred with modern humans (Homo sapiens). 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It took me some time to figure out how I might do it because you only have one chance with each seed, Dr. Elaine Solowey, who runs the Center for Sustainable Agriculture at the Arava Institute for Environmental Studies in Kibbutz Ketura, says in an Israeli Foreign Ministry video made back in 2016 before it was known whether these trees would even bear fruit.